Which political system is defined as government by the people, either directly or through elected representatives?

• A. Monarchy
• B. Theocracy
• C. Democracy
• D. Oligarchy

Answer: (C)

Democracy means government by the people, either directly or through elected representatives. In a direct democracy, citizens themselves vote on laws and policies, often through referendums or assemblies. In a representative democracy, people elect officials who make laws and govern on their behalf, while still having the ability to influence decisions at elections. The key idea is that political power comes from the people and participation is central.

This stands in contrast to monarchical rule, where authority rests with a monarch; theocratic rule, where religious authorities govern; and oligarchic rule, where a small elite holds power. So the description fits democracy most closely, as it centers on power derived from and exercised by the people.