Which Supreme Court case in 1954 overturned the 'separate but equal' doctrine and promoted school integration?

• A. De facto segregation
• B. NAACP
• C. Brown v. Board of Education
• D. Plessy v Ferguson

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is how the Supreme Court changed school segregation policy. In 1954, Brown v. Board of Education held that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional because separate facilities are inherently unequal under the 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. This overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, the 1896 decision that had allowed segregation under a “separate but equal” standard. Brown’s ruling pushed toward desegregation and became a catalyst for the broader civil rights movement. The other items aren’t court decisions that addressed school integration: one refers to the organization that helped bring the case (NAACP), and another describes segregation that arises from social conditions rather than law (de facto segregation). The key takeaway is that Brown rejected legal justifications for segregated schools and set the legal foundation for integrating public education.